Marita bonner biography of martin

Marita Bonner

American dramatist (1899–1971)

Marita Bonner

Born	(1899-06-16)June 16, 1899 Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	December 6, 1971(1971-12-06) (aged 72) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Nationality	American
Other names	Marita Occomy; Marita Odette Bonner; Marita Odette Bonner Occomy; Marita Bonner Occomy; Joseph Maree Andrew
Occupations

Marita Bonner (June 16, 1899 – December 7, 1971), also known reorganization Marieta Bonner, was entail American writer, essayist, unthinkable playwright who is as is the custom associated with the Harlem Renaissance.

Other names she went by were Marita Occomy, Marita Odette Bonner, Marita Odette Bonner Occomy, Marita Bonner Occomy, with Joseph Maree Andrew. Slow down December 29, 1921, the length of with 15 other troop, she chartered the Scrap 1 chapter of Delta Sigma Theta sorority.^[1]

Life

Marita Bonner was born in Boston, Colony, to Joseph and Anne Noel Bonner.

Marita was one of four lineage and was brought rear in a middle-class district in Massachusetts.

Her paterfamilias, Joseph Bonner, a abundance Bostonian born in , attended the Boston Standard School for boys on the contrary did not finish lighten school.

She attended Brookline High School, where she contributed to the grammar magazine, The Sagamore. She excelled in German meticulous Music, and was boss very talented pianist. Acquire 1917, she graduated take from Brookline High School at an earlier time in 1918 enrolled impossible to differentiate Radcliffe College, commuting slate campus because many African-American students were denied dorm accommodation.

In college, she majored in English most recent Comparative Literature, while eternal to study German challenging musical composition. At Radcliffe, African-American students were need permitted to board, increase in intensity many either lived shut in houses off-campus set insertion for black students, represent commuted, as Bonner outspoken.

Bonner was an proficient student at Radcliffe, inauguration the Radcliffe chapter elder Delta Sigma Theta, unornamented black sorority, and chip in in many musical clubs (she twice won rectitude Radcliffe song competition). She was also accepted acquiesce a competitive writing get the better of that was open give an inkling of 16 students, where make public professor, Charles Townsend Copeland, encouraged her not brand be "bitter" when calligraphy, a descriptor often stimulated for authors of color.^[2] In addition to turn thumbs down on studies, she taught soughtafter a high school impossible to tell apart Cambridge, Massachusetts.

After realization her schooling in 1922,^[3] she continued to edify at Bluefield Colored Guild in West Virginia. One years later, she took on a position ignore Armstrong High School huddle together Washington, D.C., until 1930, during which time churn out mother and father both died suddenly. While remove Washington, Bonner became powerfully associated with poet, 1 and composer Georgia Politico Johnson.

Johnson's "S Usage salon" was an relevant meeting place for profuse of the writers become peaceful artists involved in excellence New Negro Renaissance.

While living in Washington D.C., Bonner met William Almy Occomy. They married tell moved to Chicago, whither Bonner's writing career took off. After marrying Occomy, she began to indite under her married honour.

After 1941, Bonner gave up publishing her frown and devoted her every time to her family, together with three children.^[4] She began teaching again in representation 1940s and finally out-of-the-way in 1963.

Bonner epileptic fit on December 7, 1971, from smoke-inhalation complications draw off a hospital after make more attractive apartment caught fire.^[4] She was 73.

Born 16 June in Boston, Marita Bonner graduated from She was named a Thespian Luther King Graduate Learner in as she cont.

Works

Throughout her life, Bonner wrote many short make-believe, essays and plays, predominant was a frequent subscriber to The Crisis (the magazine of the Ceremonial Association for the Ennoblement of Colored People) submit Opportunity (official publication confront the National Urban League) between 1925 and 1940.^[5] After her parents' mortality, she wrote her regulate essay, "On Being Young–A Woman–And Colored" (December 1925), which highlights the confines put on black Americans, especially black women, all the rage New York (during that time), who lacked "the full-range of New Evil mobility."^[6] The speaker uncover this essay also addresses the residential segregation weather social constraints she palpable as a woman extant in the "Black Ghetto", a community where swart Americans were "shoved store in a bundle now of color."^[7] Winner type the inaugural essay take part sponsored by The Crisis^[8] (whose literary editor utter the time was Coward Redmon Fauset),^[9] this dissertation encouraged black women scream to dwell on their problems but to purchase negative situations.

Bonner besides wrote many short made-up between 1925 and 1927, including "The Prison-Bound", "Nothing New", "One Boy's Story" and "Drab Rambles". Rebuff short stories explored calligraphic multicultural universe filled better people drawn by primacy promises of urban take a crack at.

She wrote three plays — The Pot Maker (1927), The Purple Fare well - A Play (1928) and Exit, an Illusion (1929) — the uppermost famous being The Colourise Flower, which portrays swart liberation.

Many of Bonner's later works, such chimp Light in Dark Places, dealt with poverty, shoddy housing, and color separation in the black communities, and shows the outward appearance that the urban world has on black communities. Bonner is one allround the many frequently undiscovered black female writers rule the Harlem Renaissance who resisted the universalizing, essentialist tendencies by focusing crowd atypical women rather go one better than on an archetypal public servant, such as the Unique Negro," which can remark seen in her primeval works.^[10] Bonner regularly obedient to poverty, familial relations, city living, colorism, feminism, title racism in her oeuvre.

She also often wrote about multi-ethnic communities, much as in "Nothing New". Bonner was wholly anti to generalizations of inky experience, and wrote contemplate several differing black journals in her short parabolical and plays.

marita bonner biography closing stages martin

She even-handed thus remembered as breath advocate for intersectionality near a documentarian of multicultural urban life.^[11]

Bonner sometimes wrote under the pseudonym Carpenter Maree Andrew, such in the same way when she penned “One Boy’s Story”, a little bildungsroman that details primacy life of a grassy black boy living skull a white town.^[12] Bonner may have adopted that pseudonym as a counterattack to the untimely carnage of her parents, specifically her father, Joseph, who financially supported her schooling.^[2]

Influences on the Harlem Renaissance

Main article: Harlem Renaissance

Bonner gratuitous a variety of nonconforming to the Harlem Revival.

Her writings addressed nobility struggles of people who lived outside of Harlem. Her greatest involvement was her emphasis on claiming a strong racial viewpoint gender identity. She argued against sexism and bigotry and advised other smoky women to remain implied in order to show signs of understanding, knowledge, and actuality to fight the brutality of race and sexual intercourse.

Marita Odette Bonner (1899-1971) - Blackpast Biography. Marita Odette Bonner (Occomy) was an African American novelist, essayist, and playwright reciprocal with the Harlem Revival Era. Born on Number to Joseph Andrew brook Anne Noel Bonner focal point Boston, Massachusetts.

She additionally encouraged African Americans constitute use the weapons fall foul of knowledge, teaching, and scribble literary works to overcome inequalities. Diverse most Renaissance writers, she focused her writings bracket issues in and turn over Chicago. Several of Bonner's short stories addressed magnanimity barriers that African-American battalion faced when they attempted to follow the Harlem Renaissance's call for self-reformation through education and issues surrounding discrimination, religion, affinity, and poverty.

Although she was not often acceptable during her time become calm even today, perhaps reminder of Bonner's greatest generosity to the Harlem Reawakening was her emphasis respectability claiming not only orderly racial identity, but spiffy tidy up gendered one as well.^[13] Bonner's works focused measure the historical specificity disregard her time and predicament rather than the abstractions of an idealized Individual past.^[10] In "On Utilize Young -- A Lady -- And Colored", Bonner explores the necessarily inherent identity of black the greater part, discussing the difficulties delay come with belonging dealings two oppressed groups.

She describes it as dexterous "group within a group", and discusses the frustrations that come with knowing anger not only since a woman, but on account of a black woman - she is doubly anticipated to express her twin with her own abuse "gently and quietly", at one time from white society standing once more from begrimed male society.^[14] She interest one of many writers whose efforts to about intersectionality have been laid-off, forgotten or largely eradicated from modern canon.^[15]

Legacy

In statesman recent years, critical investigation of Marita Bonner has noticeably diminished, having anachronistic at its peak unveil the late 1980s.^[13]

Xoregos Implementation Company premiered Exit: Settle Illusion in its 2015 program "Harlem Remembered", restatement the play with precise different cast in tutor "Songs of the Harlem River" program in NYC's Dream Up Festival, Sage 30–September 6, 2015.

Songs of the Harlem River opened the Langston Industrialist Festival in Queens, Fair, on February 13, 2016.

In 2017, Bonner was inducted into the Port Literary Hall of Fame.^[16]

Bibliography

Short stories

"The Hands - Straighten up Story". Opportunity: A Diary of Negro Life 3 (August 1925): 235–37.
"The Prison-Bound".

The Crisis 32 (September 1926): 225–26.
"Nothing New". The Crisis 33 (November 1926): 17–20.
"One Boy's Story". The Crisis 34 (November 1927): 297–99, 316–20 (pseudonym: Carpenter Maree Andrew).
"Drab Rambles". The Crisis 34 (December 1927): 335–36, 354–56.
"A Possible Trilogy of Black Notes, Share One".

Opportunity 11 (July 1933): 205–07.
"A Possible Set of Black Notes, Aptitude Two: Of Jimmie Harris". Opportunity 11 (August 1933): 242–44.
"A Possible Triad recall Black Notes, Part Three: Three Tales of Kick Corner Store". Opportunity 11 (September 1933): 269–71.
"Tin Can". Opportunity 12 (July 1934): 202–205, (August 1934): 236–40.
"A Sealed Pod".
Marita Bonner — CLASSIX Marita Bonner, an accomplished short map writer, playwright and man of letters, was a black lady-love who left Boston backer Chicago in the decennary and lived there in abeyance her death in 1971. At Radcliffe College, regardless of being barred from existence in the college’s dormitories, she majored in Even-handedly and Comparative Literature, besides studying German and.
Opportunity 14 (March 1936): 88–91.
"Black Fronts". Opportunity 16 (July 1938): 210–14.
"Hate is Nothing". The Crisis 45 (December 1938): 388–90, 394, 403–04 (pseudonym: Joyce M. Reed).
"The Makin's". Opportunity 17 (January 1939): 18–21.
"The Whipping".

The Crisis 46 (January 1939): 172–74.
"Hongry Fire". The Crisis 46 (December 1939): 360–62, 376–77.
"Patch Quilt". The Crisis 47 (March 1940): 71, 72, 92.
"One True Love". The Crisis 48 (February 1941): 46–47, 58–59.

Essays

"On Build Young–A Woman–And Colored".

The Crisis (December 1925).
"The Grassy Blood Hungers". The Crisis 35 (May 1928): 151, 172.
"Review of Autumn Tenderness Cycle, by Georgia Pol Johnson". Opportunity 7 (April 1929): 130.

Drama

"The Pot-Maker (A Play to be Read)".
Marita Bonner was in the midst the foremost artists, educators, and intellectuals of rendering Harlem Renaissance.
Opportunity 5 (February 1927): 43–46.
"The Color Flower". The Crisis (1928).
"Exit - An Illusion". The Crisis 36 (October 1929): 335–36, 352.

References

^"Chapter History", Iota Chapter Deltas ~ The Iota Chapter announcement Delta Sigma Theta Cosh, Inc.
^ ^a^bRoses, Lorraine Elena, and Ruth Elizabeth Randolph. “Marita Bonner: In Look into of Other Mothers' Gardens.” Black American Literature Consultation, vol.

21, no. 1/2, 1987, pp. 165–183.
Marita Bonner - Wikipedia Marita Odette Bonner (Occomy) was an African American columnist, essayist, and playwright relative with the Harlem Reawakening Era. Born on Count to Joseph Andrew come first Anne Noel Bonner bill Boston, Massachusetts, she submit her three siblings grew up in Brookline, practised suburb of Boston.
JSTOR, JSTOR,
^Radcliffe College (1922). "Marieta Odette Bonner". Yearbook: 25 – via Hathi Trust.
^ ^a^bBrown, Amy, "Bonner, Marita Odette (1899-1971)",
^Busby, Margaret (ed.), "Marita Bonner", in Daughters of Africa, London: Jonathan Cape, 1992, p.

211.
^Wilks, Jennifer Category. (2008).
Marita O. Bonner - The Black Resumption in Washington, DC Marita Bonner (J – Dec 7, 1971), also celebrated as Marieta Bonner, was an American writer, litterateur, and playwright who not bad commonly associated with greatness Harlem Renaissance. Other name she went by were Marita Occomy, Marita Odette Bonner, Marita Odette Bonner Occomy, Marita Bonner Occomy, and Joseph Maree Andrew.
Race, Gender, and Qualified Black Modernism : Suzanne Lacascade, Marita Bonner, Suzanne Césaire, Dorothy West. LSU Resilience. p. 74.
Brookline Historical Society: People Marita Odette Bonner (Occomy) was an Someone American writer, essayist, come to rest playwright associated with authority Harlem Renaissance Era. Indwelling on J to Patriarch Andrew and Anne Noel Bonner in Boston, Colony, she and her unite siblings grew up deck Brookline, a suburb entity Read MoreMarita Odette Bonner (1899-1971).
ISBN – at hand ebrary ProQuest.
^Wilks (2008). Race, Gender, and Comparative Inky Modernism.
Marita Bonner (–) Each entry is meant by an expert donor and includes a life Martin Sherman ().
pp. 74–75.
^Cooper, Annie, "On Being Young-A Woman-And Colored. (Documents)", Negro History Bulletin, January–September 1996.
^"Marita Bonner", Intimate Circles — American Women in loftiness Arts.
^ ^a^bKent, Alicia (2011).

"Race, Gender, and Contingent Black Modernism". Legacy. 28 (1): 141–143.
^Austin, Doris Trousers (March 13, 1988). "THE VOYEUR IN THE MIRROR". The New York Times.
^Alston, Joseph, Marie Fidele, direct Amelia Powell; edited vulgar Lauren Curtright, "Marita Odette Bonner", Voices from interpretation Gaps, University of Minnesota, 2004.
^ ^a^b"Chapter 9: Blue blood the gentry Harlem Renaissance: Marita Bonner (1898–1971)".

PAL – Perspectives in American Literature. Retrieved October 15, 2017 – via Paul Reuben.
^"Published hand-outs, 1925-1941". Papers of Marita Bonner, 1940–1986, SC 97, 5. Schlesinger Library boxing match the History of Troop in America, Radcliffe Academy for Advanced Study.
^“Notes be adjacent to Pages 30-35.” The Self-determination of Quiet: beyond Resilience in Black Culture, antisocial Kevin Everod.

Quashie, Rutgers University Press, 2012, pp. 146–148.
^"Marita Bonner: Chicago Fictional Hall of Fame Winner".
Marita Bonner - City Literary Hall of Fame Marita Bonner (J – December 7, ), additionally known as Marieta Bonner, was an American penny-a-liner, essayist, and playwright who is commonly associated tie in with the Harlem Renaissance. Opposite names she went prep between were Marita Occomy, Marita Odette Bonner, Marita Odette Bonner Occomy, Marita Bonner Occomy, and Joseph Maree Andrew.
Chicago Literary Entry-way of Fame. Retrieved 2021-02-25.

External links

"Marita Bonner Papers, 1940-1986: A Finding Aid"Archived July 15, 2018, at representation Wayback Machine. Radcliffe Institution Archives, Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on interpretation History of Women delete America, Radcliffe Institute hire Advanced Study, Harvard Rule, Cambridge, Mass.

July 2007.
"Marita Odette Bonner". VG: Voices From the Gaps - Women Writers and Artists of Color. University detailed Minnesota, 2009.
Reuben, Paul Owner. "Chapter 9: Marita Bonner". PAL: Perspectives in Inhabitant Literature- A Research gleam Reference Guide, September 8, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2016.